NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU RAID Arrays: Understanding Mechanical and Logical Failures

Contents

• Why Regular Data Recovery Tools Can’t Restore Files from RAID
• Key Information About the NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU
• How to Remove Hard Disks from Your NAS and Connect Them to a PC
  • Step-by-Step Data Recovery with Hetman RAID Recovery
  • How to Safely Recover Data from Disk Images
  • Where Are the User’s Files Actually Stored?
  • RAID Recovery Software: Detailed Comparison

Why Regular Data Recovery Tools Can’t Restore Files from RAID

Conventional hard drives store user data by writing it sequentially across the disk surface, which means an entire file is typically located on a single drive. In contrast, when data is written to a RAID array, each file is split into multiple fragments. These fragments are then distributed and written in sequence across all the drives in the array. Depending on the configuration, fragment sizes can range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so every file is physically stored across several disks at once.

This approach significantly increases read and write performance — after all, writing two halves of a 1 GB file to two drives simultaneously is much faster than writing the full 1 GB to a single disk. However, this same mechanism makes file recovery far more complex.

Different RAID levels use different methods to distribute and protect data. On top of that, manufacturers like QNAP often add their own proprietary structures and variations. As a result, data can be written to disks in many different formats, and each requires a specific approach during recovery.

How can user authentication methods impact data loss risks for NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU devices?

User authentication methods can have a significant impact on data loss risks for NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU devices. Here are some ways in which different authentication methods can affect data loss risks:

1. Weak or default passwords: If users set weak passwords or use default passwords, it becomes easier for attackers to gain unauthorized access to the device. This can lead to data loss or compromise as attackers can delete or steal sensitive data.
2. Lack of two-factor authentication (2FA): Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to provide an additional verification factor, such as a code generated on a mobile device. Enabling 2FA reduces the risk of unauthorized access even if passwords are compromised.
3. Failure to enforce password complexity: If the authentication system does not enforce strong password complexity requirements, users may choose weak or easily guessable passwords. This makes it easier for attackers to crack passwords and gain unauthorized access to the NAS device.
4. Inadequate user access controls: The authentication system should allow administrators to define granular user access controls. If access controls are not properly configured, users may have unnecessary privileges or access to sensitive data, increasing the risk of data loss if their accounts are compromised.
5. Lack of account lockout policies: Without account lockout policies, attackers can launch brute-force attacks to guess user passwords. Implementing account lockout policies can help prevent such attacks and reduce the risk of unauthorized access and data loss.
6. Failure to regularly update firmware and security patches: Outdated firmware and unpatched security vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access. Regularly updating the firmware and applying security patches is crucial to mitigate data loss risks.
7. Insufficient user training and awareness: Even with strong authentication methods in place, human error can still lead to data loss. Users should be educated about best practices for securing their accounts, such as avoiding phishing emails and using strong passwords.

By implementing strong authentication methods, enforcing password complexity, enabling 2FA, configuring proper access controls, and keeping the device up to date, the risk of data loss can be significantly reduced for NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU devices.

How to Remove Hard Disks from Your NAS and Connect Them to a PC

Although the NAS Turbo Station TS-1263XU can be accessed over the network, you still need to remove its hard disks and connect them directly to a Windows PC. Only then can the recovery software properly scan and analyze the drives. Follow these steps:

1. Power off the NAS and disconnect it from the power source.

   WARNING! Before removing any drives, carefully read the device manual. Improper actions may damage both the NAS enclosure and the hard disks in the RAID array.

2. Remove the hard disks one by one, gently sliding each drive out of its slot. Remember that hard disks are highly sensitive: any impact or drop can cause serious physical damage.

3. Label each hard disk according to its position inside the NAS. The order of the drives is crucial for correct RAID reconstruction.

4. Connect the drives to your computer. In this video, we explain which ports you can use to connect hard disks and what to do if your PC does not have enough free connectors.

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   How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Step-by-Step Data Recovery with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program restores data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU. Each hard disk in the array contains technical metadata describing how files were written. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery analyzes this metadata, automatically reconstructs the damaged array, and provides access to its contents. After that, you can browse the recovered disk and save your files. The program can also restore files that were accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a QNAP

Turbo Station TS-1263XU has 12 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

• RAID 50;
• RAID 60;
• RAID 5;
• RAID 6;
• RAID 10;
• RAID 0;
• RAID 1;
• JBOD;

NAS supports:

• ZFS;
• EXT4;
• EXT3;
• exFAT;
• FAT32 (External Disk Only);
• NTFS (External Disk Only);
• HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

How to Safely Recover Data from Disk Images

This utility allows you to create a complete copy of a disk and work with the disk image instead of the physical drive. This approach helps protect your data from:

• Overwriting during the recovery process;
• Additional data loss caused by bad sectors;
• User errors.

To create a disk image, follow these steps:

1. Ensure you have enough free space to store the image. Its size will typically match the size of the original disk.

2. In the main window, select the target disk and choose Tools - Save Disk. You can also select multiple disks if needed.

3. When the Image Creation Wizard opens, select whether you want to save the entire disk or only a specific region. Adjust the settings and click Next.

   

4. Choose the directory where the image will be saved. You may select any available disk connected to your PC or upload the image via FTP.

   

Where Are the User’s Files Actually Stored?

The QNAP Turbo Station TS-1263XU network-attached storage keeps QTS (QuTS hero) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

RAID Recovery Software: Detailed Comparison