NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-364 RAID Controller Failure: Causes, Recovery Strategies, and Consequences

Contents

• Why Regular Data Recovery Tools Can’t Restore Files from RAID
• Key Information About the NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-364
• How to Remove Hard Disks from Your NAS and Connect Them to a PC
  • Step-by-Step Data Recovery with Hetman RAID Recovery
  • How to Safely Recover Data from Disk Images
  • Where Are the User’s Files Actually Stored?
  • RAID Recovery Software: Detailed Comparison

Why Regular Data Recovery Tools Can’t Restore Files from RAID

Conventional hard drives store user data by writing it sequentially across the disk surface, which means an entire file is typically located on a single drive. In contrast, when data is written to a RAID array, each file is split into multiple fragments. These fragments are then distributed and written in sequence across all the drives in the array. Depending on the configuration, fragment sizes can range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so every file is physically stored across several disks at once.

This approach significantly increases read and write performance — after all, writing two halves of a 1 GB file to two drives simultaneously is much faster than writing the full 1 GB to a single disk. However, this same mechanism makes file recovery far more complex.

Different RAID levels use different methods to distribute and protect data. On top of that, manufacturers like QNAP often add their own proprietary structures and variations. As a result, data can be written to disks in many different formats, and each requires a specific approach during recovery.

How can a NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-364 device's cache settings impact data loss risks?

The cache settings on a QNAP Turbo Station TS-364 device can impact data loss risks in the following ways:

1. Write Cache: The device may have a write cache feature that temporarily stores data before writing it to the hard drives. If the write cache is enabled, it can improve performance by allowing the device to acknowledge write operations faster. However, if there is a power outage or system failure before the data is written to the hard drives, the cached data may be lost, leading to potential data loss.
2. Read Cache: The device may also have a read cache feature that stores frequently accessed data in faster cache memory for quicker access. While read cache generally improves performance, it can introduce a risk of data loss if the cache becomes corrupted or if there is a failure in the cache memory. In such cases, the data stored in the cache may become inaccessible or lost.
3. RAID Configuration: The NAS device may support RAID configurations for data redundancy and protection against drive failures. However, enabling cache settings on a RAID configuration can increase the risk of data loss. If the cache is not properly synchronized with the RAID array, it can result in data inconsistencies or loss during a failure or rebuild process.

To mitigate data loss risks with cache settings, it is important to:

• Regularly backup critical data to an external storage device or cloud storage.
• Use a reliable uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to protect against power outages.
• Ensure that the NAS device's firmware is up to date to benefit from bug fixes and performance improvements.
• Monitor the device's health and performance regularly to identify any potential issues with the cache or hard drives.
• Follow best practices recommended by the manufacturer, such as disabling write cache during critical operations or configuring cache settings according to the specific needs of your environment.

It is always advisable to consult the user manual or contact QNAP support for specific guidance on cache settings and data loss risks for your particular model of Turbo Station NAS device.

How to Remove Hard Disks from Your NAS and Connect Them to a PC

Although the NAS Turbo Station TS-364 can be accessed over the network, you still need to remove its hard disks and connect them directly to a Windows PC. Only then can the recovery software properly scan and analyze the drives. Follow these steps:

1. Power off the NAS and disconnect it from the power source.

   WARNING! Before removing any drives, carefully read the device manual. Improper actions may damage both the NAS enclosure and the hard disks in the RAID array.

2. Remove the hard disks one by one, gently sliding each drive out of its slot. Remember that hard disks are highly sensitive: any impact or drop can cause serious physical damage.

3. Label each hard disk according to its position inside the NAS. The order of the drives is crucial for correct RAID reconstruction.

4. Connect the drives to your computer. In this video, we explain which ports you can use to connect hard disks and what to do if your PC does not have enough free connectors.

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   How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Step-by-Step Data Recovery with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program restores data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with QNAP Turbo Station TS-364. Each hard disk in the array contains technical metadata describing how files were written. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery analyzes this metadata, automatically reconstructs the damaged array, and provides access to its contents. After that, you can browse the recovered disk and save your files. The program can also restore files that were accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a QNAP

Turbo Station TS-364 has 3 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

• RAID 5;
• RAID 0;
• RAID 1;
• JBOD;

NAS supports:

• EXT4;
• EXT3;
• FAT32 (External Disk Only);
• NTFS (External Disk Only);
• HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

How to Safely Recover Data from Disk Images

This utility allows you to create a complete copy of a disk and work with the disk image instead of the physical drive. This approach helps protect your data from:

• Overwriting during the recovery process;
• Additional data loss caused by bad sectors;
• User errors.

To create a disk image, follow these steps:

1. Ensure you have enough free space to store the image. Its size will typically match the size of the original disk.

2. In the main window, select the target disk and choose Tools - Save Disk. You can also select multiple disks if needed.

3. When the Image Creation Wizard opens, select whether you want to save the entire disk or only a specific region. Adjust the settings and click Next.

   

4. Choose the directory where the image will be saved. You may select any available disk connected to your PC or upload the image via FTP.

   

Where Are the User’s Files Actually Stored?

The QNAP Turbo Station TS-364 network-attached storage keeps QTS operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

RAID Recovery Software: Detailed Comparison