Recovering from Mechanical and Logical Failures in NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 RAID Arrays: Key Strategies

Contents

• Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?
• How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?
  • Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery
  • Safe recovery from disk images
  • Where are user’s files stored?
  • Comparison of software for RAID recovery

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?

Conventional hard disks keep user’s data by writing it to their surface in a consecutive way, and this is how an entire file is stored on a single hard disk. However, when data is written to a RAID system, a file is divided into several parts. Then these parts are written consecutively to all hard disks within such array. The size of such parts may range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so each file is stored on several hard disks at the same time.

Such approach helps to speed up read and write operations, and it is evident that saving two parts of a file having the size of 1 GB to two hard disks simultaneously is much faster than saving the same 1 GB of data to one hard disk. However, this peculiarity makes file recovery more complicated.

Various RAID levels store information in different ways. Additionally, manufacturers like QNAP also introduce some modifications to this process, and that is why data can be written to hard disk in a wide variety of ways.

Are there any recommended best practices for securely storing usernames and passwords on NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 devices?

Yes, there are several recommended best practices for securely storing usernames and passwords on NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 devices:

1. Enable strong password policies: Ensure that users are required to create strong passwords that include a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. Avoid using default or easily guessable passwords.
2. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA): Implement 2FA for all user accounts whenever possible. This adds an extra layer of security by requiring users to provide a second form of authentication, such as a code generated by a mobile app or a physical token.
3. Regularly update firmware: Keep the NAS firmware up to date with the latest security patches and bug fixes. QNAP regularly releases firmware updates to address vulnerabilities, so it's important to install these updates promptly.
4. Limit access privileges: Grant access privileges only to the necessary users or user groups. Avoid giving unnecessary administrator privileges to users, as this can increase the risk of unauthorized access.
5. Use secure protocols: When accessing the NAS remotely, use secure protocols such as HTTPS or VPN to encrypt the data transmission. Avoid using unencrypted protocols like HTTP or FTP.
6. Regularly backup data: Implement a regular backup strategy to ensure that critical data is protected in case of hardware failure, accidental deletion, or ransomware attacks. Store backups on separate devices or off-site to minimize the risk of data loss.
7. Disable unnecessary services: Disable any unused or unnecessary services on the NAS to reduce the attack surface. Only enable the services that are required for your specific use case.
8. Monitor and audit access logs: Enable access logs and regularly review them to detect any suspicious activities or unauthorized access attempts. This can help identify potential security breaches and take appropriate action.
9. Educate users: Provide security awareness training to all users of the NAS device. Teach them about best practices for creating strong passwords, avoiding phishing attacks, and recognizing suspicious emails or links.

By following these best practices, you can enhance the security of your NAS QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 devices and protect your usernames and passwords from unauthorized access.

How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

Although NAS Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 can be accessed over the network, you still need to take the hard disks out of the storage device and connect them to a Windows computer. Only in this case will the software be able to scan them properly. Here is what you should do:

1. Turn off the storage and disconnect it from the power supply.

   WARNING! Before you start taking hard disks out of your NAS device, read the manual carefully. Incorrect actions may damage your network-attached storage and/or the hard disks within the RAID system.

2. Take the hard disks out of the NAS one by one, carefully removing them from their slots. Remember that the disks are extremely vulnerable: hitting or dropping them may result in serious physical damage.

3. Make sure to mark each hard disk in accordance with how they were installed inside the NAS.

4. Remove the hard disks and connect them to the computer. In this video, we have explored what ports are used to connect hard disks, and what to do if there are not enough ports or connectors.

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   How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program recovers data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2. The hard disks that make up the RAID contain technical information about the algorithm used to save files. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery reads this information and puts the damaged array together. Then you can open the disk and save your files. Also, you can recover the files accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a QNAP

Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 has 24 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

• RAID 50;
• RAID 60;
• RAID 5;
• RAID 6;
• RAID 10;
• RAID 0;
• RAID 1;
• JBOD;

NAS supports:

• ZFS;
• EXT4;
• EXT3;
• exFAT;
• FAT32 (External Disk Only);
• NTFS (External Disk Only);
• HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

Safe recovery from disk images

This utility lets you save an entire copy of the disk to file and then work with this image instead of the actual disk. Such feature helps to protect data on the disk from:

• Overwriting during the recovery process;
• Loss resulting from bad sectors;
• User mistakes.

To create an image, do the following:

1. Make sure that you have enough free space to save the image. The image file size usually equals the disk size.

2. Select the disk in the main window, and choose from the menu Tools – Save Disk. You can select multiple disks to be saved.

3. When the image creation wizard starts, you can choose to save the entire disk or select only a part of it. Specify the parameters and click Next.

   

4. At this stage, you need to choose a directory where to save the image. Choose any disk connected to this PC, or save the image by FTP.

   

Where are user’s files stored?

The QNAP Turbo Station TS-EC2480U R2 network-attached storage keeps QTS (QuTS hero) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

Comparison of software for RAID recovery