What is SSH and how does it work?

SSH (Secure Shell) is a cryptographic network protocol that allows secure remote login and communication between two computers over an unsecured network. It provides a secure channel for data transmission and authentication.Here's how SSH works:Client-Server Connection: The client initiates a connection request to the server using the SSH protocol. The client can be any device with SSH client software installed, while the server must have SSH server software running.Encryption and Authentication: Once the connection is established, SSH negotiates encryption algorithms to secure the communication. It uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the server and the client. The client verifies the server's identity using the server's public key.Session Establishment: After successful authentication, a secure session is established between the client and server. All data transmitted between them is encrypted to prevent eavesdropping or tampering.Command Execution and Data Transfer: The client can now execute commands on the server remotely. The commands are encrypted and sent over the secure SSH connection. SSH also supports secure file transfer (SFTP) and port forwarding, allowing secure access to remote resources.Connection Termination: When the session ends, the SSH connection is terminated, and the encryption keys are discarded.SSH provides a secure alternative to protocols like Telnet, FTP, and Rlogin, which transmit data in plain text, making them vulnerable to interception and unauthorized access. By using encryption and authentication mechanisms, SSH ensures the confidentiality and integrity of data transmitted over the network.

How does the NAS QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP utilize SSH for remote access and management?

The NAS QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP utilizes SSH (Secure Shell) for remote access and management by providing a secure and encrypted connection between the client and the NAS device.To enable SSH on the QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP, you need to follow these steps:Log in to the QNAP NAS web interface using your admin credentials.Go to 'Control Panel' and click on 'Network & File Services.'Under the 'Network Services' tab, select 'Telnet/SSH.'Enable the SSH service by checking the box next to 'Enable SSH Service.'You can also configure the SSH port if needed.Click 'Apply' to save the settings.Once SSH is enabled, you can use an SSH client (such as PuTTY for Windows or Terminal for macOS/Linux) to remotely connect and manage the NAS.To connect using SSH:Open your SSH client and enter the NAS IP address or hostname.Specify the SSH port if you've changed it from the default (port 22).Provide your admin username and password when prompted.Once connected, you will have a command-line interface (CLI) to execute various commands for remote management and configuration of the NAS.SSH provides a secure method for remote access and management of the QNAP NAS, ensuring that data transmitted between the client and the NAS remains encrypted and protected from unauthorized access.

What are the security features provided by SSH, and how does the QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP leverage them to ensure secure data transfer and remote administration?

SSH (Secure Shell) provides several security features that the QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP leverages to ensure secure data transfer and remote administration. Some of these features include:Encryption: SSH uses strong encryption algorithms to secure the communication between the client and the server. This ensures that data transmitted over the network cannot be intercepted or read by unauthorized parties.Authentication: SSH supports various authentication methods, such as password-based authentication, public key authentication, and two-factor authentication. These methods ensure that only authorized users can access the system and perform administrative tasks.Integrity checks: SSH uses cryptographic algorithms to verify the integrity of transmitted data. This prevents tampering or modification of data during transit, ensuring the data's integrity.Port forwarding: SSH allows secure port forwarding, which enables users to securely access services running on remote servers through an encrypted SSH tunnel. This feature enhances security by preventing direct exposure of services to the internet.X11 forwarding: SSH supports X11 forwarding, which allows secure remote graphical applications. This feature enables users to run graphical applications on the QNAP NAS and display them on their local machine securely.Secure file transfer: SSH provides secure file transfer capabilities through the SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) subsystem. SFTP ensures that file transfers between the client and the QNAP NAS are encrypted and secure.Secure remote administration: SSH enables secure remote administration of the QNAP NAS, allowing administrators to manage the system remotely without exposing it to potential security risks associated with other remote administration protocols.By leveraging these SSH security features, the QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP ensures that data transfer and remote administration are protected against eavesdropping, tampering, and unauthorized access. This enhances the overall security of the NAS and helps safeguard sensitive data stored on the device.

How to recover data from NAS QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP (RAID 5, 6, 0, 1, JBOD, etc)

Name: How to recover data from a QNAP
Uploaded: 2023-09-15T01:00:17+03:00
Description: How to recover data from a QNAP

Contents

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?
How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

RAID Recovery™ 2.6

Recover data from damaged RAID arrays inaccessible from a computer.

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Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?

Conventional hard disks keep user’s data by writing it to their surface in a consecutive way, and this is how an entire file is stored on a single hard disk. However, when data is written to a RAID system, a file is divided into several parts. Then these parts are written consecutively to all hard disks within such array. The size of such parts may range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so each file is stored on several hard disks at the same time.

Such approach helps to speed up read and write operations, and it is evident that saving two parts of a file having the size of 1 GB to two hard disks simultaneously is much faster than saving the same 1 GB of data to one hard disk. However, this peculiarity makes file recovery more complicated.

Various RAID levels store information in different ways. Additionally, manufacturers like QNAP also introduce some modifications to this process, and that is why data can be written to hard disk in a wide variety of ways.

Can the use of multiple NAS QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP devices in a backup or replication configuration mitigate data loss risks?

Yes, using multiple NAS QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP devices in a backup or replication configuration can help mitigate data loss risks.

By setting up a backup or replication configuration, you can create redundant copies of your data on multiple NAS devices. This ensures that if one device fails or experiences data loss, you still have a backup copy on another device.

QNAP NAS devices offer various backup and replication features, such as RTRR (Real-Time Remote Replication), which allows you to replicate data in real-time to another QNAP NAS device. This ensures that any changes made to the data on one device are immediately replicated to the other device, minimizing the risk of data loss.

Additionally, you can set up scheduled backups or use snapshot technology to take regular point-in-time copies of your data. This provides further protection against accidental deletion, data corruption, or other issues that may lead to data loss.

Overall, using multiple QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP devices in a backup or replication configuration increases data redundancy and reduces the likelihood of permanent data loss.

How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

Although NAS TVS-2472XU-RP can be accessed over the network, you still need to take the hard disks out of the storage device and connect them to a Windows computer. Only in this case will the software be able to scan them properly. Here is what you should do:

Turn off the storage and disconnect it from the power supply.

WARNING! Before you start taking hard disks out of your NAS device, read the manual carefully. Incorrect actions may damage your network-attached storage and/or the hard disks within the RAID system.
Take the hard disks out of the NAS one by one, carefully removing them from their slots. Remember that the disks are extremely vulnerable: hitting or dropping them may result in serious physical damage.
Make sure to mark each hard disk in accordance with how they were installed inside the NAS.
Remove the hard disks and connect them to the computer. In this video, we have explored what ports are used to connect hard disks, and what to do if there are not enough ports or connectors.

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How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program recovers data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP. The hard disks that make up the RAID contain technical information about the algorithm used to save files. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery reads this information and puts the damaged array together. Then you can open the disk and save your files. Also, you can recover the files accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a QNAP

TVS-2472XU-RP has 24 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

RAID 50;
RAID 60;
RAID 6;
RAID 5;
RAID 10;
RAID 0;
RAID 1;
JBOD;

NAS supports:

ZFS;
EXT4;
EXT3;
exFAT;
FAT32 (External Disk Only);
NTFS (External Disk Only);
HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

Safe recovery from disk images

This utility lets you save an entire copy of the disk to file and then work with this image instead of the actual disk. Such feature helps to protect data on the disk from:

Overwriting during the recovery process;
Loss resulting from bad sectors;
User mistakes.

To create an image, do the following:

Make sure that you have enough free space to save the image. The image file size usually equals the disk size.
Select the disk in the main window, and choose from the menu Tools – Save Disk. You can select multiple disks to be saved.
When the image creation wizard starts, you can choose to save the entire disk or select only a part of it. Specify the parameters and click Next.
At this stage, you need to choose a directory where to save the image. Choose any disk connected to this PC, or save the image by FTP.

Where are user’s files stored?

The QNAP TVS-2472XU-RP network-attached storage keeps QTS (QuTS hero) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

Comparison of software for RAID recovery

Product	Operating system	License type	RAID controller support	Supported file systems	Virtual RAID controller support	Data recovery from damaged RAID	File preview
Hetman RAID Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
DiskInternals RAID Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	No	Yes	Yes
R-Studio	Windows, Mac, Linux	Paid	Yes, over 200 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
UFS Explorer RAID Recovery	Windows, Mac, Linux	Paid	Yes, over 1,000 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
EaseUS Data Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 20 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	No	Yes	Yes
ReclaiMe Free RAID Recovery	Windows	Free	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes