How to Recover Data from NAS QNAP VS-2004 Pro RAID Arrays: Mechanical and Logical Failures

Contents

• Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?
• How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?
  • Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery
  • Safe recovery from disk images
  • Where are user’s files stored?
  • Comparison of software for RAID recovery

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?

Conventional hard disks keep user’s data by writing it to their surface in a consecutive way, and this is how an entire file is stored on a single hard disk. However, when data is written to a RAID system, a file is divided into several parts. Then these parts are written consecutively to all hard disks within such array. The size of such parts may range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so each file is stored on several hard disks at the same time.

Such approach helps to speed up read and write operations, and it is evident that saving two parts of a file having the size of 1 GB to two hard disks simultaneously is much faster than saving the same 1 GB of data to one hard disk. However, this peculiarity makes file recovery more complicated.

Various RAID levels store information in different ways. Additionally, manufacturers like QNAP also introduce some modifications to this process, and that is why data can be written to hard disk in a wide variety of ways.

Are there any recommended practices for off-site backup storage to prevent complete data loss in the event of a disaster?

Yes, there are several recommended practices for off-site backup storage to prevent complete data loss in the event of a disaster. Here are some of them:

1. Regularly backup your data: Ensure that you have a scheduled backup plan in place to regularly back up your data. The frequency of backups will depend on the criticality of your data and how frequently it changes.
2. Use multiple backup locations: Instead of relying on a single off-site backup location, consider using multiple locations. This can include cloud storage providers, remote data centers, or even physical backups stored in a different geographical location.
3. Encryption and security: Implement strong encryption measures to protect your data during transit and storage. This ensures that even if your backups are compromised, the data remains secure.
4. Test your backups: Regularly test your backup and recovery processes to ensure that your data can be successfully restored. This helps identify any issues or gaps in your backup strategy.
5. Automate the backup process: Automating backups reduces the chances of human error and ensures that backups are performed consistently and reliably.
6. Regularly review and update your backup strategy: As your data and infrastructure evolve, it's important to review and update your backup strategy accordingly. This includes assessing the criticality of data, adjusting backup frequencies, and incorporating new technologies or best practices.
7. Document your backup procedures: Have clear documentation of your backup procedures, including step-by-step instructions for backup and recovery processes. This will help ensure that anyone responsible for managing backups can follow the correct procedures.
8. Consider off-site physical backups: In addition to cloud or remote backups, consider keeping physical copies of critical data in a secure off-site location. This can be useful in case of severe disasters that may impact internet connectivity or cloud services.
9. Regularly assess your off-site backup provider: If you're using a third-party off-site backup provider, regularly assess their reliability, security measures, and backup processes to ensure they meet your requirements.

By following these recommended practices, you can significantly reduce the risk of complete data loss in the event of a disaster.

How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

Although NAS VS-2004 Pro can be accessed over the network, you still need to take the hard disks out of the storage device and connect them to a Windows computer. Only in this case will the software be able to scan them properly. Here is what you should do:

1. Turn off the storage and disconnect it from the power supply.

   WARNING! Before you start taking hard disks out of your NAS device, read the manual carefully. Incorrect actions may damage your network-attached storage and/or the hard disks within the RAID system.

2. Take the hard disks out of the NAS one by one, carefully removing them from their slots. Remember that the disks are extremely vulnerable: hitting or dropping them may result in serious physical damage.

3. Make sure to mark each hard disk in accordance with how they were installed inside the NAS.

4. Remove the hard disks and connect them to the computer. In this video, we have explored what ports are used to connect hard disks, and what to do if there are not enough ports or connectors.

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   How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program recovers data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with QNAP VS-2004 Pro. The hard disks that make up the RAID contain technical information about the algorithm used to save files. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery reads this information and puts the damaged array together. Then you can open the disk and save your files. Also, you can recover the files accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a QNAP

VS-2004 Pro has 2 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

• RAID 1;

NAS supports:

• ZFS;
• EXT4;
• EXT3;
• exFAT;
• FAT32 (External Disk Only);
• NTFS (External Disk Only);
• HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

Safe recovery from disk images

This utility lets you save an entire copy of the disk to file and then work with this image instead of the actual disk. Such feature helps to protect data on the disk from:

• Overwriting during the recovery process;
• Loss resulting from bad sectors;
• User mistakes.

To create an image, do the following:

1. Make sure that you have enough free space to save the image. The image file size usually equals the disk size.

2. Select the disk in the main window, and choose from the menu Tools – Save Disk. You can select multiple disks to be saved.

3. When the image creation wizard starts, you can choose to save the entire disk or select only a part of it. Specify the parameters and click Next.

   

4. At this stage, you need to choose a directory where to save the image. Choose any disk connected to this PC, or save the image by FTP.

   

Where are user’s files stored?

The QNAP VS-2004 Pro network-attached storage keeps QTS (QuTS hero) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

Comparison of software for RAID recovery