What is SSH and how does it work in general?

SSH stands for Secure Shell, and it is a network protocol that allows secure remote access to a computer or server over an unsecured network. It provides a secure channel for communication between the client and the server, ensuring confidentiality and integrity of data transmitted.SSH works by establishing a secure connection between a client and a server. The client initiates a connection request to the server, and both parties negotiate the encryption algorithms and authentication methods to be used. Once the connection is established, the client and server can securely exchange data.Here is a general overview of how SSH works:Connection initiation: The client sends a connection request to the server, specifying the hostname and port number.Key exchange: The client and server perform a key exchange to establish a shared secret key. This key is used to encrypt the subsequent communication.User authentication: The client provides its credentials (username and password or SSH key) to authenticate itself to the server. The server verifies the credentials and grants access if they are valid.Secure channel establishment: Once the client is authenticated, a secure channel is established between the client and server. This channel is used to encrypt all data transmitted between them.Data exchange: The client and server can now securely exchange data over the encrypted channel. This can include executing remote commands, transferring files, or tunneling other network protocols.Connection termination: When the communication is complete, the client or server can terminate the SSH connection.SSH provides several security features, including encryption, data integrity checks, and authentication mechanisms. It is widely used in various scenarios, such as remote system administration, secure file transfers, and secure access to network services.

How does the NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim utilize SSH protocol for remote access and management?

The NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim utilizes the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol for remote access and management in the following ways:Secure Remote Access: SSH provides a secure encrypted connection between the client and the NAS. Users can access and manage the NAS remotely over the internet using SSH, ensuring data privacy and integrity.Command-Line Interface (CLI): SSH allows users to access the NAS's command-line interface remotely. By establishing an SSH session, users can execute commands, configure settings, and perform administrative tasks on the NAS using the CLI.Secure File Transfer: SSH supports secure file transfer between the client and the NAS. Users can securely transfer files to and from the NAS using protocols like SCP (Secure Copy) or SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) over the SSH connection.Tunneling and Port Forwarding: SSH enables tunneling and port forwarding, allowing users to securely access services running on the NAS's local network. By forwarding ports through an SSH connection, users can access services such as HTTP, FTP, or other applications hosted on the NAS remotely.Security and Authentication: SSH provides strong encryption and authentication mechanisms to ensure secure remote access. It uses public-key cryptography for authentication, making it resistant to brute-force attacks and unauthorized access.Overall, the NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim leverages the SSH protocol to provide secure and convenient remote access and management capabilities, enabling users to control their NAS from anywhere while maintaining data security.

Can you explain the security features and benefits of using SSH with the Synology DiskStation DS620slim?

The Synology DiskStation DS620slim supports SSH (Secure Shell) as a secure remote access protocol. Here are some security features and benefits of using SSH with the DS620slim:Encryption: SSH uses strong encryption algorithms to secure data transmission between the client and the server. It ensures that the communication is encrypted and protected from eavesdropping and interception.Authentication: SSH supports various authentication methods, including password-based authentication, public key authentication, and certificate-based authentication. These methods provide an extra layer of security to ensure that only authorized users can access the DiskStation.Secure File Transfer: SSH allows secure file transfer between the client and the DiskStation using protocols like SCP (Secure Copy) and SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol). These protocols encrypt the data during transit, preventing unauthorized access or tampering.Port Forwarding: SSH supports port forwarding, which enables secure access to services running on the DiskStation's internal network from external networks. It allows you to securely access services like web interfaces, file sharing, or remote desktops without exposing them directly to the internet.Firewall-friendly: SSH uses a single port (typically port 22) for communication, making it firewall-friendly. Since it uses a well-known port, it is less likely to be blocked by firewalls compared to other protocols.Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): The DS620slim supports 2FA for SSH login, adding an extra layer of security. With 2FA enabled, users need to provide a second form of authentication, such as a verification code from a mobile app, in addition to the password.Access Control: The DiskStation's SSH server allows you to configure access control rules, specifying which users or IP addresses are allowed to connect via SSH. This helps in restricting access to authorized individuals or networks, reducing the risk of unauthorized access.Audit Logs: The DS620slim keeps logs of SSH sessions, including login attempts, successful logins, and commands executed. These logs can be useful for monitoring and auditing purposes, allowing you to track any suspicious activities or unauthorized access attempts.By leveraging the security features of SSH, the Synology DiskStation DS620slim provides a secure and encrypted remote access solution, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data transmitted between the client and the server.

Recovering Data from NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim (RAID 5, 6, 0, 1, JBOD, etc) RAID Arrays Due to Natural Component Wear

Name: How to recover data from a Synology
Uploaded: 2024-05-28T23:27:05+03:00
Description: How to recover data from a Synology

Recovering Data from NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim RAID Arrays Due to Natural Component Wear

Contents

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?
How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

RAID Recovery™ 2.6

Recover data from damaged RAID arrays inaccessible from a computer.

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Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?

Conventional hard disks keep user’s data by writing it to their surface in a consecutive way, and this is how an entire file is stored on a single hard disk. However, when data is written to a RAID system, a file is divided into several parts. Then these parts are written consecutively to all hard disks within such array. The size of such parts may range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so each file is stored on several hard disks at the same time.

Such approach helps to speed up read and write operations, and it is evident that saving two parts of a file having the size of 1 GB to two hard disks simultaneously is much faster than saving the same 1 GB of data to one hard disk. However, this peculiarity makes file recovery more complicated.

Various RAID levels store information in different ways. Additionally, manufacturers like Synology also introduce some modifications to this process, and that is why data can be written to hard disk in a wide variety of ways.

Are there any known limitations or performance bottlenecks that can increase data loss risks for NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim devices?

While Synology DiskStation DS620slim devices are generally reliable, there are a few known limitations and potential performance bottlenecks that can increase data loss risks:

Limited drive capacity: The DS620slim supports up to six 2.5-inch SATA drives, which have smaller capacities compared to larger 3.5-inch drives. This limitation may lead to more frequent disk swaps or the use of smaller drives, increasing the risk of data loss due to drive failures.
Limited RAM: The DS620slim comes with 2GB DDR4 memory, which may be insufficient for demanding workloads or multiple concurrent users. Insufficient RAM can result in slower performance and potential data loss if the system becomes overwhelmed.
Network limitations: The DS620slim has a single Gigabit Ethernet port, which may limit the network throughput and performance, especially when multiple users are accessing the NAS simultaneously. This limitation can lead to slower data transfers and potential data loss if network congestion occurs.
Limited expansion options: Unlike some other Synology models, the DS620slim has limited expansion capabilities. It does not support expansion units or additional RAM upgrades. This limitation may restrict scalability and potential performance improvements.
RAID limitations: The DS620slim supports various RAID configurations, including RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, and 10. However, RAID 5 and 6 configurations have a higher risk of data loss during the rebuild process due to the larger capacity and longer rebuild times. Additionally, RAID configurations do not provide protection against data loss caused by accidental deletion or file corruption.

To mitigate these risks, it is important to regularly backup your data, use reliable drives, maintain a stable network environment, and consider upgrading to a higher-end Synology model with more robust hardware specifications if your requirements demand it.

How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

Although NAS DiskStation DS620slim can be accessed over the network, you still need to take the hard disks out of the storage device and connect them to a Windows computer. Only in this case will the software be able to scan them properly. Here is what you should do:

Turn off the storage and disconnect it from the power supply.

WARNING! Before you start taking hard disks out of your NAS device, read the manual carefully. Incorrect actions may damage your network-attached storage and/or the hard disks within the RAID system.
Take the hard disks out of the NAS one by one, carefully removing them from their slots. Remember that the disks are extremely vulnerable: hitting or dropping them may result in serious physical damage.
Make sure to mark each hard disk in accordance with how they were installed inside the NAS.
Remove the hard disks and connect them to the computer. In this video, we have explored what ports are used to connect hard disks, and what to do if there are not enough ports or connectors.

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How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program recovers data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with Synology DiskStation DS620slim. The hard disks that make up the RAID contain technical information about the algorithm used to save files. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery reads this information and puts the damaged array together. Then you can open the disk and save your files. Also, you can recover the files accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a Synology

DiskStation DS620slim has 6 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

Synology Hybrid RAID (SHR);
RAID 6;
RAID 5;
RAID 10;
RAID 1;
RAID 0;
Basic;
JBOD;

NAS supports:

Btrfs;
EXT4;
EXT3 (External Disk Only);
FAT32 (External Disk Only);
exFAT (External Disk Only);
NTFS (External Disk Only);
HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

Safe recovery from disk images

This utility lets you save an entire copy of the disk to file and then work with this image instead of the actual disk. Such feature helps to protect data on the disk from:

Overwriting during the recovery process;
Loss resulting from bad sectors;
User mistakes.

To create an image, do the following:

Make sure that you have enough free space to save the image. The image file size usually equals the disk size.
Select the disk in the main window, and choose from the menu Tools – Save Disk. You can select multiple disks to be saved.
When the image creation wizard starts, you can choose to save the entire disk or select only a part of it. Specify the parameters and click Next.
At this stage, you need to choose a directory where to save the image. Choose any disk connected to this PC, or save the image by FTP.

Where are user’s files stored?

The Synology DiskStation DS620slim network-attached storage keeps DSM (DiskStation Manager) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

Comparison of software for RAID recovery

Product	Operating system	License type	RAID controller support	Supported file systems	Virtual RAID controller support	Data recovery from damaged RAID	File preview
Hetman RAID Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
DiskInternals RAID Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	No	Yes	Yes
R-Studio	Windows, Mac, Linux	Paid	Yes, over 200 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
UFS Explorer RAID Recovery	Windows, Mac, Linux	Paid	Yes, over 1,000 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes
EaseUS Data Recovery	Windows	Paid	Yes, over 20 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	No	Yes	Yes
ReclaiMe Free RAID Recovery	Windows	Free	Yes, over 100 controllers	FAT, NTFS, Ext2/3/4, HFS+	Yes	Yes	Yes

Recovering Data from NAS Synology DiskStation DS620slim RAID Arrays Due to Natural Component Wear

Synology DiskStation DS620slim NAS Data Recovery in 2024

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?