How to Recover Data from NAS Synology Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 RAID Arrays with Component Wear Issues

Contents

• Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?
• How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?
  • Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery
  • Safe recovery from disk images
  • Where are user’s files stored?
  • Comparison of software for RAID recovery

Why can’t ordinary software tools restore files from RAID?

Conventional hard disks keep user’s data by writing it to their surface in a consecutive way, and this is how an entire file is stored on a single hard disk. However, when data is written to a RAID system, a file is divided into several parts. Then these parts are written consecutively to all hard disks within such array. The size of such parts may range from 2 KB to 2 MB, so each file is stored on several hard disks at the same time.

Such approach helps to speed up read and write operations, and it is evident that saving two parts of a file having the size of 1 GB to two hard disks simultaneously is much faster than saving the same 1 GB of data to one hard disk. However, this peculiarity makes file recovery more complicated.

Various RAID levels store information in different ways. Additionally, manufacturers like Synology also introduce some modifications to this process, and that is why data can be written to hard disk in a wide variety of ways.

How can user authentication methods impact data loss risks for NAS Synology Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 devices?

User authentication methods can have a significant impact on data loss risks for NAS Synology Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 devices. Here are a few ways in which user authentication methods can mitigate data loss risks:

1. Strong Password Policies: Implementing strong password policies, such as enforcing the use of complex passwords with a minimum length, can reduce the risk of unauthorized access to the NAS device. This helps prevent data loss due to unauthorized users gaining access to sensitive data.
2. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Enabling 2FA adds an extra layer of security to the authentication process. Users are required to provide a second form of authentication, such as a unique code generated on their mobile device, in addition to their password. This makes it significantly harder for attackers to gain unauthorized access to the NAS device, reducing the risk of data loss.
3. Account Lockout Policies: Implementing account lockout policies can help protect against brute-force attacks. If an attacker repeatedly tries to guess a user's password, the account can be temporarily locked after a certain number of failed attempts. This prevents unauthorized access and reduces the risk of data loss.
4. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Implementing RBAC allows administrators to assign specific roles and permissions to users based on their responsibilities and job requirements. This ensures that users only have access to the data and functions necessary for their role, reducing the risk of accidental or intentional data loss by limiting access to sensitive information.
5. Audit Logs and Monitoring: Enabling audit logs and monitoring user activities can help detect any suspicious or unauthorized access attempts. By regularly reviewing these logs, administrators can identify any potential security breaches and take appropriate action to prevent data loss.

Overall, implementing strong user authentication methods can significantly reduce the risk of data loss by preventing unauthorized access to NAS devices and ensuring that users have appropriate access levels based on their roles and responsibilities.

How to take hard disks out of the NAS and connect them to a PC?

Although NAS Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 can be accessed over the network, you still need to take the hard disks out of the storage device and connect them to a Windows computer. Only in this case will the software be able to scan them properly. Here is what you should do:

1. Turn off the storage and disconnect it from the power supply.

   WARNING! Before you start taking hard disks out of your NAS device, read the manual carefully. Incorrect actions may damage your network-attached storage and/or the hard disks within the RAID system.

2. Take the hard disks out of the NAS one by one, carefully removing them from their slots. Remember that the disks are extremely vulnerable: hitting or dropping them may result in serious physical damage.

3. Make sure to mark each hard disk in accordance with how they were installed inside the NAS.

4. Remove the hard disks and connect them to the computer. In this video, we have explored what ports are used to connect hard disks, and what to do if there are not enough ports or connectors.

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   How to Order Remote Data Recovery

Restoring data with Hetman RAID Recovery

This program recovers data from damaged RAID arrays and is fully compatible with Synology Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409. The hard disks that make up the RAID contain technical information about the algorithm used to save files. When launched, Hetman RAID Recovery reads this information and puts the damaged array together. Then you can open the disk and save your files. Also, you can recover the files accidentally deleted from the network drive.

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How to recover data from a Synology

Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 has 4 HDD slots, and it supports the following array types:

• Synology Hybrid RAID (SHR);
• RAID 6;
• RAID 5;
• RAID 10;
• RAID 1;
• RAID 0;
• Basic;
• JBOD;

NAS supports:

• Btrfs;
• EXT4;
• EXT3 (External Disk Only);
• FAT32 (External Disk Only);
• exFAT (External Disk Only);
• NTFS (External Disk Only);
• HFS+ (External Disk Read Only);

Safe recovery from disk images

This utility lets you save an entire copy of the disk to file and then work with this image instead of the actual disk. Such feature helps to protect data on the disk from:

• Overwriting during the recovery process;
• Loss resulting from bad sectors;
• User mistakes.

To create an image, do the following:

1. Make sure that you have enough free space to save the image. The image file size usually equals the disk size.

2. Select the disk in the main window, and choose from the menu Tools – Save Disk. You can select multiple disks to be saved.

3. When the image creation wizard starts, you can choose to save the entire disk or select only a part of it. Specify the parameters and click Next.

   

4. At this stage, you need to choose a directory where to save the image. Choose any disk connected to this PC, or save the image by FTP.

   

Where are user’s files stored?

The Synology Rack Station RS409RP+ / RS409+ / RS409 network-attached storage keeps DSM (DiskStation Manager) operating system files on a separate RAID 1 (mirrored) array. Usually, all NAS systems create several volumes on every hard disk, and the first of them takes up to 2 Gb of space. This is where operating system files are stored. Other volumes are united into a RAID array where user’s data is written.

Comparison of software for RAID recovery